Basic Dog Training: Commands & Techniques

Published on October 9, 2025 by Denver Paws Team

Principles of Positive Reinforcement

Positive reinforcement is the most effective and humane way to train your dog. It involves rewarding desired behaviors, making your dog more likely to repeat them. This builds a strong, trusting bond between you and your pet.

• Rewards: Use high-value treats, praise, toys, or petting immediately after your dog performs the desired action.
• Timing: Deliver the reward within 1-3 seconds of the behavior. This helps your dog associate the reward with the action.
• Consistency: Everyone in the household should use the same commands and reward system.
• Short Sessions: Keep training sessions short (5-10 minutes) and fun to maintain your dog's attention and enthusiasm.

The 'Sit' Command

The 'sit' command is fundamental and a great starting point for training.

1. Hold a treat near your dog's nose.
2. Slowly move the treat up and over their head, causing their nose to follow and their rear end to naturally lower into a sit.
3. As soon as their bottom touches the ground, say "Sit!" and immediately give the treat and praise.
4. Practice several times a day in different locations.

The 'Stay' Command

Once your dog reliably sits, you can introduce 'stay'.

1. Ask your dog to "Sit."
2. Hold your hand up like a stop sign and say "Stay!"
3. Take one step back. If your dog stays, immediately step forward, reward, and praise.
4. Gradually increase the distance and duration of the stay before rewarding. If your dog breaks the stay, calmly return them to the original position and start again.

The 'Come' Command (Recall)

A reliable 'come' command can be life-saving.

1. Start in a quiet, enclosed area.
2. Get down to your dog's level, open your arms, and enthusiastically say "Come!"
3. As your dog approaches, praise and reward them generously.
4. Never punish your dog if they take a while to come or if they come after being called multiple times. This will make them hesitant to come in the future.

Leash Training Basics

Walking nicely on a leash makes walks enjoyable for both of you.

• Start Early: Introduce the collar/harness and leash to puppies early.
• Positive Association: Make the leash a positive experience with treats and praise.
• Loose Leash: Reward your dog for walking with a loose leash. If they pull, stop walking until the leash slackens, then continue.
• Avoid Pulling: Never yank or drag your dog. This can cause fear and discomfort.

Potty Training Essentials

Consistency and patience are key for successful potty training.

• Frequent Potty Breaks: Take your puppy out frequently (every 1-2 hours for young puppies), especially after waking up, eating, and playing.
• Designated Spot: Take them to the same spot each time.
• Reward Success: Lavishly praise and reward your dog immediately after they potty outside.
• Clean Accidents Thoroughly: Use an enzymatic cleaner to eliminate odors that might attract your dog back to the same spot.
• Crate Training: A crate can be a valuable tool, as dogs are naturally reluctant to soil their sleeping area.

Remember, every dog learns at their own pace. Be patient, consistent, and always make training a positive experience!